Results: Pregnant female mice were sacrificed at 18 th day of gestation, Na3 AsO4 affected weight, limbs, and size of the fetus. Group IV (Antidote Group) was administered orally with garlic extract (30mg/kg). Group III (Dose+ Antidote group) mice were administered with 50mg/kg of Na3 AsO4 and garlic extract (30mg/kg) with a gap of one hour. Group I (Control) was healthy control and Group II (Dose group) was orally administered with 50mg/kg of Na3 AsO4 on the "Gestation day 6" for consecutive 6 days. Methodology: In this study, 20 pregnant female mice were divided into 4 groups. Objectives: To evaluate toxic effects of sodium arsenate (Na3 AsO4) and assess protective role of garlic (Allium sativum) in minimizing its toxicological effects. Millions of people in world are being affected by arsenic mainly through drinking water. Inorganic arsenic is a well-known toxicant and carcinogen. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis of the NaAsO2 and DADS treated cell lysate revealed similar interactions between NaAsO2 and DADS to those observed in vitro.
Finally, we attempted to trace the chemical interaction between As(III) and DADS in the HepG2 cellular environment. Application of DADS along with NaAsO2 in HepG2 cells resulted in the modulation of arsenite-induced activities of antioxidant enzymes like superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) to near normal levels. The results showed that 50 mu M DADS along with 10 mu M NaAsO2 could effectively attenuate the arsenite-induced cytotoxicity, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation and DNA damage. Furthermore, we investigated the potency of DADS in combating arsenic toxicity in human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (HepG2) by MTT assay. The UV spectral data revealed the chemical interactions between DADS and As(III) in a 3 : 1 molar ratio.
To this end we studied the interaction between diallyl disulphide (DADS), a stable antioxidant present in garlic, with NaAsO2 by UV spectrophotometry. In the present study, we aimed to identify the bioactive component of garlic that participates in the remediation of arsenic toxicity. Previously, studies from our group showed that aqueous garlic extract could be a potential protective substance against arsenic toxicity. Despite arsenic being a severe health hazard, a safe and effective remedy against arsenic poisoning remains elusive. Chronic exposure to high concentrations of arsenic in drinking water poses severe health problems.
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